Rector of Calvary Episcopal Church in New York City and later Pittsburgh. Spiritual mentor to Bill Wilson, co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous; his principles directly influenced AA's Twelve Steps. Founder of the Faith at Work movement. Prolific spiritual writer and advocate for lay spirituality.

Samuel Shoemaker exemplifies lay spirituality and the radical notion that ordinary believers are channels of redemptive grace. His integration of confession, surrender, and service became DNA for modern recovery spirituality. He demonstrates that church leadership can pioneer social healing movements and that clergy can empower laypeople for transformative witness. His vision of faith at work in secular contexts prefigures contemporary missiology.

Samuel Moore Shoemaker Jr. (1893–1963) was an Episcopal priest whose ministry profoundly shaped modern American spirituality and recovery movements. Ordained in 1921, he became rector of Calvary Church in New York City in 1925, where he developed a radical theology of lay witness and personal spiritual transformation. In the early 1930s, Shoemaker met Bill Wilson, founder of Alcoholics Anonymous, and provided both spiritual direction and theological frameworks that became foundational to AA's Twelve Steps. Wilson explicitly credited Shoemaker as his primary spiritual influence, and Shoemaker's emphases on confession, surrender, making amends, and reliance on a Power greater than oneself are directly reflected in AA spirituality. Shoemaker himself pioneered recovery ministry in the church decades before institutional recognition. In 1940, he co-founded the Faith at Work movement (originally the Layman's Movement for a Christian World), which sought to integrate deep spirituality with professional and public life. His prolific literary output includes I Stand by the Door, Realizing Religion, Extraordinary Living for Ordinary Men, and many others. He taught that ordinary Christians could be agents of radical spiritual transformation. He served also as rector of Calvary Church in Pittsburgh from 1952 onwards. His legacy extends through AA, Christian recovery ministries, workplace spirituality movements, and ongoing emphasis on lay empowerment.

• Priest
• Social Reformer